Understand the importance of religious worship in various Franco-American communities, Rites & Sacraments, Churches, Religious Women, Parochial Schools
Amedee Proulx, Auxiliary Bishop of Portland (Me.) Also, Raymond LaGasse, a married priest from Concord (NH). Discussion of celibacy, changing morals, the relevancy of the church. Ray Pelletier inteviews Ernest Guiliet of Holyoke (Ma.) about the area.
Interviews with educators and clergy on the topic of bilingual education and changes and progress in the Church. Footage of classroom instruction. Most in French with no subtitles.
Bilingual education programs in Vermont and New Hampshire secondary schools. Father Nicknair of Fort Kent (Me.), Father Pelletier of Van Buren, (Me.), Auxiliary Bishop Amedee Proulx of Portland (Me.) on the role of priests.
An interview with Edouard Du Buron conducted 1993 March 9-May 13, by Robert Brown, for the Archives of American Art.
Du Buron discusses his childhood in Worcester, Massachusetts in a poor family with an abusive father and his rearing in various Catholic orphanages; his loss of religion in his youth and growing up as a French-Canadian in New England; his career as a solo dancer in Boston (1925-32) and as a member of the Ruth St. Denis Troupe (1932-38); his dance career in New York City in the late 1930s and his job as a display designer at Filene's department store in Boston (1942-45).
A letter from Élie Vézina, secretary of the USJB, to Félix Gatineau, 12 August 1925. The letter invites Gatineau to take part in the 25th anniversary of the organization.
A letter from an unknown USJB representative, to La Supérieur des Soeurs Franciscaines of Worcester, MA, 30 July 1921. The letter provides interesting details about the USJB, and discussion regarding a new building on Thorne Street in Worcester, MA.
A souvenir booklet for the Fete St-Jean-Baptiste, held in Calumet, Michigan, 23 June 1910. The event was held in conjunction with the 25th anniversary of the founding of St. Anne's Parish, also in Calumet, MI.
This real picture postcard depicts the altar and surrounding area of Notre Dame in Southbridge. This is likely an image of the old Notre Dame church (completed 1870) which was replaced in 1916. The church is clearly decorated for a festival, with the banner over the altar reading: Adorons, Aimons, Remercions.
A souvenir program of Notre Dame Parish. It was produced in recognition of a visit from friends, as well as a Union Saint-Jean-Baptiste congress held in Holyoke.
A letter to Félix Gatineau, from Ovide LeClair. Writing from Montana, LeClair included payment with his letter for a copy of Gatineau's "Histoire des Franco-Americains de Southbridge," and provided extensive details about Franco-Americans in the the northwestern states. He mentions two priests- Father Tougas from Worcester, Massachusetts, and Father LeClair from Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Règlement de la Société de la Sainte Famille, érigée dans l'église des Canadiens à Worcester, Mass. This rules booklet was published in Montréal by the the Institution de Sourds-Muets, in 1918.
This is a Certificat d'Admission for the Association Universelle de la Ste. Famille. It was made out to Mr. Germain Leblanc and his family at Notre Dame in Worcester, Massachusetts, on March 5, 1893.
Oral history with parish priest of Notre Dame du Bon Conseil in Easthampton. Morissette had been priest at the church for seven years after having been an administrator there for eight. Morissette grew up in Chicopee, a child of immigrant parents, speaking only French at home. Studied at Assumption College and then (1941) to seminary in Montreal. Classes at St. Georges parochial school in Chicopee were half in English, half French; regimented nature of study at Assumption, taught mostly by members of the Assumptionist community from Belgium and France. Current generation is unwilling to accept the rigors of education he received.
Oral history with the Lussier family. Mr. Lussier’s family relocated from Winchendon to Easthampton, Mass. to find a French Catholic school when he was a child, and Mrs. Lussier’s family moved from Gardner for work. She discusses her time playing piano along with instrument ensembles for silent films. Their daughter, Lucille, talks about growing up going to a French school, and the subjects she studied there. Includes information of the beginnings of Notre Dame du Bon Conseil parish in Easthampton.
Oral history with the Gagnon family, part of the Franco-American community in Springfield since 1953. Topics include their participation in Franco-American activities at St. Joseph’s Church, their interest in Franco-American studies, and what nationality means to them, as people with roots in America, Canada, and France.
The collection includes the constitution and manifesto of the Fédération, the secretary's records, a list of the members of the 1969-1970 Bureau of Direction, scholarship records, correspondence, banquet programs, newspapers and news clippings, a French translation of the Order of the Mass, and French Christmas Music.
The Franco-American Civic League (Fall River, Massachusetts) Historical Collection is divided into six series. Series I consists of FACL administrative and subject files assembled by Lucienne Dionne. Administrative files include the league’s bylaws and constitution, correspondence, press releases and special event programs and tickets. Subject files cover individuals and organizations of interest to members of the French Canadian community of Fall River. Series II consists of materials collected on religious organizations such as the Dominican Fathers of Fall River, the Federation of Cercles Lacordaire, and the Franco-American Federation of Fall River. This series also contains information on Fall River parishes, including Notre Dames de Lourdes and St. Anne's, two of the oldest parishes in Fall River. Series III includes pamphlets, programs, and newspapers articles on French Canadian social/cultural organizations of Greater Fall River. Of note in this series are the records of the Calumet Club. Series IV includes items from educational organizations such as La Societe de Concours de Francais de Fall River and materials relating to French education and instruction. There were a number of French primers with this collection that have been catalogued as Special Collections monographs. Series V contains items collected by Josephine Perrault, including a scrapbook and collection of religious books. Series VI contains examples of Franco-American newspapers, including L'Independant and Le Petit Courrier. The collection includes one artifact, the parade suit and top hat worn by Dr. Omer Boivin on the occasion of the dedication of Monument du Lafayette in Fall River.
Born 1917, the fourth child of ten. Grew up in Lewiston. After high school attended seminary in Suffern, N.Y. Returned to Lewiston, married, and worked 40 years for Postal Service. From the Collection: This collection is the work of two separate classes taught by Anne William, Professor of Economics at Bates College: First Year Seminar FYS 187 during the winter term of 1996, and Economics s37 during the short-term session in the spring of 1998. Together, the two projects comprise 45 interviews with 50 individuals
From the Collection: This collection is composed of material relating to various aspects of Bates College, such as athletics, buildings and grounds, events, traditions, and curricula. It is intended as a ready-reference resource on various subjects. A significant portion of this collection consists of newspaper clippings, but unique materials are also present.
This collection of family papers and memorabilia reflects mainly the Lauzon, Laroche and Proulx families of Biddeford, especially from the 1930’s to the 1950’s. It includes birth, confirmation and communion certificates from the 1890’s to the 1940’s; photograph albums and scrapbooks from the 1930’s - 1940’s; and a large amount of clippings reflecting marriages, births, family events, anniversary, club and school happenings, and graduations. A number of items are about the life and career of Laura (Lauzon) Proulx, maternal aunt to Gilberte Laroche, and for 30+ years the organist at St. Andre’s Church in Biddeford; as well as materials pertaining to Edmond Laroche, father to Gilberte Laroche and a foreman at the Bates/York Mill in Saco. Large amount of material relating to St. Andre’s parish, Biddeford.
Collection of materials related to St. Joseph School, Biddeford, which belonged to Pauline (Gaudette) Canning, SJHS '49. The collection contains images, class photos, clippings, correspondence, programs, albums and certificates. One item not related to SJS is the elementary school diploma from Saco's Burns School belonging to Kenneth Canning.
An album belonging to Therese Drapeau and commemorating her days as a student at St. Joseph's High School in Biddeford, Maine. The album contains photographs and name cards of students, autographs, and an invitation to the graduation ceremony at the high school.
1697 Father Henri Carrier, interviewed by Raymond Pelletier and Mark Silber, March 19, 1981, Lewiston, Maine. Carrier talks about his decision to become a priest in the 1930s; requirements for the priesthood; differences in parishes throughout Maine; changes in the priest’s role with the development of parish councils; Church involvement in political and social issues; motivations for people to stay in “Little Canada”; strengthening the family; and the declining use of French. Partially in French. Text: 32 pp. transcript (French section handwritten), missing 2 pp. Recording: T 1818 1-1/4 hours.
This collection consists of four scrapbooks and 1 folder containing newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and images from the St. John Valley and beyond. It covers the period from 1947 through 2017. A wide range of topics are included in the collection but Mr. Chassé paid particular attention to sports in the St. John Valley in his volume 3 scrapbook, such as, snowmobiling, biathlon, skying, Can-Am dog races etc. Album 4 was dedicated to the history of the Church during a crisis. Most of the articles in this collection are undated.
This collection consists of microflims reels containing images of the original Saint-Basile parish records for the following years:1811-1829; 1838-1845; 1857-1869; and 1869-1886.
This document is a photocopy facsimile of the nominal census of the population of the parish of Saint Bruno (Van Buren, Quebec) conducted by its resident priest, Father Pierre Stanislas Vallée in 1872. The census includes information about the location of the household, the names of its residents, their ages, the number of years of marriage of heads of household, birthplace, names of parents, occupation, and remarks. In addition, there are genealogical annotations by Guy F. Dubay of Madawaska, Maine. The cansus will be of interest to historical researchers and genealogists.
This collection consists of copies of han+N7:N17dwritten and typescript letters between Father Joseph Marcoux, Pastor of Wallagrass and Eagle Lake, the Little Franciscans of Mary of Baie-Saint-Paul, Bishop Louis S. Walsh of the Diocese of Portland, and Father Aimé Giguère of Fort Kent. The correspondence, starting in 1906 through 1949, requesting the Little Franciscans of Mary to administer and staff Father Marcoux’s hospital (Northern Maine General Hospital) and the Convent School (St. Mary’s Convent) in Eagle Lake and Father Aimé Giguère’s hospital in Fort Kent, Maine. Note that the ArchivesSpace record and the finding aid for this collection identify it, incorrectly, as MCC-00434 and MCC-00434.
These materials consist of newspaper clippings, correspondence, photographs, and a scrapbook, a trophy, and sound recordings that primarily document Rev. Soucy’s Career as a priest in the Saint John Valley. The Bulk of the manuscript material consists of articles and correspondence relating to Soucy’s work on establishing cooperatives in the Valley. This includes a scrapbook Father Soucy kept of articles about himself and the valley and correspondence sent to him during the height of the cooperatives success, and early 1940s. Although few of the manuscript materials are primary sources, the over five-hundred, mostly well-labeled photographs taken between 1909 and 1980 offer visual insight into Father Soucy’s life. Both personal and professional, the photo collection includes pictures of Soucy’s family and friends as well as his various activities as a priest, especially during his pastorate in Sinclair- Guerette.The seventy-one sound recordings are the other significant component of the collection. Soucy made several recordings about cooperatives for broadcast on his weekly radio show, and he also cut several records on various occasions with his friends and family. These recordings are a valuable source for research about both Father Soucy’s personal and professional life.
This collection consists of historical files on Aroostook County parishes compiled by Msgr. Philip E. Desjardins for the Diocese of Portland. Included are the histories of the parishes of Caribou, Eagle Lake, Fort Kent, Fort Fairfield, Frenchville, Grand Isle/Lille, Hamlin, Houlton, Limestone, Madawaska, Mars Hill, Presque Isle, St. Agathe, St. Francis, St. John, Sinclair, Stockholm, Van Buren/Keegan, and Wallagrass. The compilation was done from the following sources, Church World; Le Messager de Lewiston; Catholic Directory of Portland; L’Union; Chancery files; Bangor Daily News; Bishop Walsh’s diary; historical notes from different Reverends and parishes, etc.
This collection consists of manuscript and typescript materials created or collected by Father Alphie Marquis. Most of the materials pertain to either his studies for the priesthood or preparation for sermons. Included are newspaper clippings, correspondence, handwritten study and research notes, publications, typescripts of study materials, and a typescript of Marquis’ memoir, Among My Souvenirs, published in 1980. The materials in this collection are primarily in French and Latin, with some English. They have been processed and foldered in the original order in which they were received by the archives, and titles from the original containers have been transcribed to the new folders.
This collection consists of photographs and newspaper clippings originally placed in scrapbooks and photograph albums by Rev. Alphée Marquis. Most of the photographs were taken by Rev. Marquis; the clippings represent subjects of interest to their collector. Of note in the photograph albums are images of Father D. Surette and Mme Armand Marquis, Mount Katahdin, and a number of local people and locations. The collection also includes a number of funeral cards and photographic slides. The original photograph albums and scrapbooks have been dismantled; the clippings are not in their original order. They have been arranged by subject.
Les Défenseurs du Saint Nom de Jésus, Lewiston, 1917. Possibly outside St Paul's Collège.
The banner reads "BENI SOIT LE NOM DE JESUS / VIVENT SES DEFENSEURS" ("blessed be the name of Jesus, long live its defenders").
Boys' social organization founded by Fr. Antonin Dallaire, o.p. in 1907, for activities in theatre, religion, music, and sports. Affiliated with the Roman Catholic parish of Sts. Peter & Paul in Lewiston, .
Left to right, front row: Jean-Charles Boucher (President); Fr Ange-Marie Côté; Ernest Desjardins (Vice President)
2nd row: A Lavoie; A Desjardins; Lucien Marcotte; A Pelletier; Clovis Lapierre; Léonard Gagné; H Forgue; Arthur Croteau; Delphis Proulx; Amédé Hémond; Edmond Bégin; Philias Perrier; Léo Gernier; R Guilmette
3rd row: D Turcotte; H Labbé; H Pelletier; A Michaud; Willié Cailler; Ronaldo Laliberté; C Jalbert; R Forgues; S Sirois; O Fournier; P Fortier; A Comeau; A Levesque; A Deslauriers; H Turcotte
4th row: H Marcotte; R Blais; D Gauthier; A Paradis; E Gagné; E Houle; A Pelletier; L Jutras; P Croteau; N Beaudry; R Cailler; E Lebrecque; H Jalbert; A Beliveau; A Bedard; M Lambert
5th row: S Rancourt; A Guay; A Morin; T Jalbert; A Marcotte; A Therrien; E Martin; A René; N Fournier; A Daigle; A Fortier
A collection of French-language manuscripts, correspondence, and clippings by and about Henri d’Arles (1870–1930), the nom de plume of Father Henri Beaudé (né Beaudet) who was a writer and Catholic priest from Québec. Beaudé was initially professed with the Dominican Order in Québec but was later incardinated into the Diocese of Manchester (New Hampshire). In 1924, he became a citizen of the United States. Between 1903 and 1930 Beaudé authored over 25 books and pamphlets in addition to writings in literary and historical journals. He edited and annotated the three volume Acadie: reconstitution d’un chapitre perdu de l’histoire d’Amérique based on Édouard Richard’s manuscript which earned him the Medaille d’or from l’Académie Française in 1922. The collection includes manuscripts for many of his published books, his personal diary (Journal Intime), clippings, and various correspondence of different provenance.
Etching of Leandre-Arthur Dumouchel and photograph of Cathedral of Immaculate Conception in Albany, NY. Léandre-Arthur Dumouchel and his twin brother, Alphonse-Edouard, were born on March 1, 1841 in Rigaud, Quebec. From their youngest days, their aunt, Estelle Fournier, instilled in them a love of music, and it was she who cultivated their talent. At the age of 9, the 2 brothers entered Coll├¿ge Bourget in their hometown to further their musical studies. Just 18, Léandre-Arthur left home to pursue a career as an organist at various churches in Ontario before moving to Troy, NY in 1864. From there, he moved to Carthage, NY in 1866. (It was for the Musical Association of Carthage that Léandre-Arthur and his brother performed in concert of sacred music on November 29, 1866 as accompanists to another Franco-American, Emma Lajeunesse. Her story is featured elsewhere in this collection.) In 1869, Léandre-Arthur Dumouchel left for Europe in order to further his musical studies. His brother joined him shortly thereafter. Léandre-Arthur studied piano at the renowned Leipzig Conservatory, and in 1872, he successfully completed a doctorate in music there. When he returned from Europe in 1872, Léandre-Arthur settled once again in upstate New York, this time to become an organist in Rochester, NY. (Some sources contend that he went next to Oswego, NY.) He would leave there in 1876 to become the organist at the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Albany, NY, a position that he held until his passing in 1919. His brother Alphonse-Edouard would also become an organist in upstate New York, serving for 40 years at the cathedral in Ogdensburg. He died in 1914. The remains of both musician brothers were laid to rest in Rigaud, Quebec.
Emma Lajeunesse, known internationally as Mademoiselle (Miss) Albani and a photograph of St. Joseph's Church in Albany, NY. Emma Lajeunesse was born November 1, 1847 in Chambly, Quebec to musicians Joseph Lajeunesse and Mélina Mignault. Following Mélina's death in 1856, Joseph began work as music master at a convent in Montreal. The nuns there quickly became aware of Emma's musical talent. However, finding little support in Quebec, Joseph departed with his two daughters for upstate New York. Accounts differ on where they settled next. Some say Plattsburgh, others indicate Johnstown, and still others point to Saratoga Springs. What is certain is that by 1865, Emma and her family had made Albany their home where Emma joined the choir at St. Joseph's Church and obtained positions as first soprano, church organist, and choir director. It was parishioners there and Bishop McNierny who provided financial support for Emma to pursue her dream of studying music in Europe, and she departed in 1868. Shortly thereafter, she took on the stage name of Mademoiselle (or Miss) Albani, in part to have a more "European" (more sophisticated) name and in part to recognize her supporters from her adopted home. Eventually, she would go on to international fame, even singing at Windsor Castle at the invitation of Queen Victoria.
Photographs of the portrait of the founder of the Order of the Sisters of the Holy Names, her home in Quebec, other related items. Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary (SNMJ) was founded in 1843 by Eulalie Durocher in Longueil, Quebec. Sister Marie Rose, as was her name as a religious, was just 32 at the time, and her goal was to provide Christian education to girls and young women, particularly those who were poor and disadvantaged, especially in rural areas. In 1849, at the age of 38 and just six years after taking her vows and founding the Order, Mother Marie Rose died. She left behind a community of women that had grown from three to 44 sisters. In addition to the portrait of Sister Marie Rose is a painting of her childhood home in Saint-Antoine-sur-Richelieu, both of which are lovingly displayed at Academy of the Holy Names. As for the history of that school, in June 1880, Father Joseph Brouillet, the Pastor of AlbanyΓÇÖs Church of the Assumption, a French-Canadian church, received permission from the Bishop of the Albany Diocese, the Very Reverend Francis McNierney, to found a Canadian school. The French-speaking Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary (SNJM) from Longueil, Quebec arrived in September of that same year to teach in Assumption Parish School and to open an academy. The founding sisters of what would eventually become Academy of the Holy Names in Albany were: Mother Theresa of Jesus, Sister M. Rosalie, Sister Marie de l'Espérance, and Sister M. Cyprien. They left Hochelaga, Quebec (now part of the city of Montreal) on August 30, 1880, initially for Schenectady where Holy Names Sisters were already located. The Sisters of the Holy Names were teaching in 1880 at a school affiliated with the Church of Saint John the Evangelist at 809 Union Street in Schenectady. (Along the way, they visited with sisters in Rutland, VT., a point that underscores a French-Canadian presence elsewhere in the northeast.) Once settled in Albany, the Sisters lived for a brief time in the church rectory at 107 Hamilton Street. Fr. Brouillet purchased 113 (or 120) Hamilton Street with the purpose of it becoming the academy, but the Bishop did not allow them to proceed until the 1884-1885 academic year. That first year, the academy welcomed four boarders, 20 day scholars, 20 music pupils, and 15 ladies and young girls who studied painting and embroidery. By April 1885, the academy, incorporated as Academy of Notre Dame, relocated to 628 Madison Avenue. The school was officially renamed in 1899 as Academy of the Holy Names. Eventually the Academy found a new and permanent home at 1075 New Scotland Road.(Also of note: In 1877, the Rev. Joseph Brouillet came to Albany to become the pastor of Church of the Assumption. Prior to his arrival, the pastor was the Rev. L. M. Dugas, who left Assumption to become the pastor of St. JosephΓÇÖs Church in Cohoes.) (With sincere thanks to Mary Ellen Conboy at Academy of the Holy Names)
This is the tombstone for Marie Adéle Pageau Tanguay, here named simply Adele Tanguay. She was born in Keeseville, NY, eventually married a Québécois, Joseph Octave Tanguay, and was mother to 4 children, the youngest of whom was Eva Tanguay, the famous "Queen of Vaudeville" and "Don't Care Girl."
Beginning in 1889, under the leadership of their pastor, the Rev. Jean Baptiste Saint-Onge, many of the parishioners of Saint-Jean-Baptiste Church, Troy's French Church, participated in an annual pilgrimage to the Shrine at Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré. Located on the Saint Lawrence River, not far from Quebec City, the Basilica is credited by the Roman Catholic Church with numerous miracles of curing the ill and the disabled.
On July 27, 1886, a group of women from Troy's French church,Saint-Jean-Baptiste, formed the Sodality of the Ladies of St. Anne. In the 1930s, the Ladies assisted their pastor, the Rev. Paul Leduc, in the collection of jewelry to finance a gold jeweled crown for the statue of St. Anne. Although unconfirmed, it is believed that the crown pictured in this photo may be the gift from those devotees at Saint-Jean-Baptiste Church.
A photograph of the exterior of the Shrine at Ste-Anne-de-Beaupré. St. Anne is the mother of the Virgin Mary and the grandmother of Jesus. She was a popular figure in France at about the time of settlement in New France, later Quebec. Along with St. John the Baptist, she is a patron saint of Quebec. Located on the Saint Lawrence River, not far from Quebec City, the Basilica is credited by the Roman Catholic Church with being a place of numerous miracles, especially curing the ill and the disabled. Consequently, the Shrine was a pilgrimage destination for Franco-Americans.
Photograph of Rev. Francois-Xavier Fafard and guests at his ordination anniversary celebration. 400 friends and family members from the U.S. and Canada attended.
Fr. Maxime E. Sarrault was a native of Cohoes, NY. He attended the Grand Seminaire in Montreal, QC. He was ordained as a priest in 1919. He served for many years as pastor at Sacred Heart, Schenectady's French Roman Catholic Church. That church opened in 1926 but closed in 2005 as part of canonical suppression by the Diocese of Albany. Fr. Sarrault passed away in 1968.
A photograph of the interior of St. Joseph's Church, one of the "French" churches in Cohoes, NY. This beautiful church was incorporated in 1868, and construction was completed the next year. Sadly, the church was closed in 2009.
Julienne Jacques was born on August 12, 1890 in Tilbury, Ontario to Louis and Elmire (Peltier) Jacques. As is noted in French on the back of the photo, she was 11 when she received her First Communion, also in Tilbury. She would go on to immigrate to northern New York and marry a Monsieur Bouchard. She died in 1920 in Clinton County, NY near Redford. Mr. Bouchard returned to his home of Napierville, Quebec with their four children following Julienne's death.
Fr. Pelletier was Assistant Pastor of St. Joseph's "French" Church in Cohoes from 1933 to 1936. He then served as Pastor from 1946 until his sudden death on August 3, 1951. He was born in Sainte Melanie, Quebec in 1895.William Horan's mother saved this card through the years.
Father Joseph. S. Robitaille celebrated the 25th anniversary of his ordination as a priest alongside parishioners at St. Joseph's Church in Cohoes, NY, where he served as pastor from 1970 until his passing in 2002.
Father Joseph S. Robitaille was ordained as a priest on June 1, 1957 at the Immaculate Conception Cathedral in Albany, NY. He completed his M.S. in Education at Siena College. After serving in a variety of roles throughout the Capital District, he became the pastor of St. Joseph's Parish in Cohoes, NY in 1970, where he remained until his death in 2002. He is buried at St. Joseph's Cemetery in Waterford, NY.
This First Communion certificate was tucked behind a framed Baptismal record. Note that the language for the Baptismal record was French. Eight years later, at the same church, the First Communion record is in English. There was also another priest, albeit Franco-American as well, named Fr. Troie.
James' Franco-American mother made the frame for the baptismal record. Her family name was Houle, also spelled Rule. The baptism took place on July 10, 1928 at Assumption Church in Redford, NY. The priest was Fr. Laramee. Godfather (Parrain) was ? Lanctot. Godmother (Marraine) was Lina Fecteau.
Assumption Church was consecrated on August 15, 1855, the Feast Day of the Assumption of Mary. Every year on August 15, a community picnic was held by the parish. It continues today on the 3rd Sunday in August. The masses were said in French until Irish parishioners complained. Then bilingual masses were held, followed later by separate masses. There was also a parish school whose teachers and administrators were nuns from the Order of the Holy Cross from St-Laurent, Quebec. The church was Sallaz Academy.
Black and white Confirmation or school portrait of Caroline-Anne (Carrie) Connally. Carrie was probably in middle school at the time of the photograph, in 1904 or 1905. Great grandmother of Matthew T. Apple.
